:::tip
已经连续练了好几天这个,但是一些细节还是会忘,加深一下印象。
:::
环境说明
种类 | 版本
- | -
电脑 | win10
IDEA商业版 | 1.45.0
项目 | maven
如果要是没有商业版,可以申请教育邮箱,或者用激活码激活。破解jar
包下载,里面带有教程点我
整合的思路
创建maven项目并配置相关环境创建maven项目并配置相关环境搭建spring搭建spring搭建springmvc搭建springmvcspring整合springmvcspring整合springmvc搭建mybatis搭建mybatisspring整合mybatisspring整合mybatis事务配置事务配置Viewer does not support full SVG 1.1
环境搭建
创建maven项目
在pom.xml中导入相关依赖
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<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<spring-version>5.2.5.RELEASE</spring-version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-tx -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.19</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/jsp-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.mchange/c3p0 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis-spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
|
创建好项目的整体结构
这里就是整个ssm
框架基本的结构了。可以根据下面的思路走,看到哪个文件开始编写时,就可以在这里找到文件该到哪里创建。controller
是表示层,dao
是持久层,service
是业务层,domain
是实体类。
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.
├── .idea
├── src
│ └── main
| ├── java
| | └── org
| | └── example
| | ├── controller
| | | └── UserController.java
| | ├── dao
| | | └── UserMapper.java
| | ├── domain
| | | └── User.java
| | ├── service
| | | ├── UserService.java
| | | └── Impl
| | | └── UserServiceImpl.java
| | └── test
| | ├── SpringTest.java
| | └── MybatisTest.java
| ├── resources
| | ├── org
| | | └── example
| | | └──dao
| | | └── UserMapper.xml
| | ├── applicationContext.xml
| | ├── db.properties
| | ├── mybatis-config.xml
| | └── springmvc.xml
│ └── webapp
│ ├── WEB-INF
| | ├── Pages
| | | └── success.jsp
│ │ └── web.xml
│ └── index.jsp
├── target
├── pom.xml
└── ssm3.iml
|
创建数据库
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create database srcrs;
use srcrs;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
|
编写javabean实体类
即编写User.java
,这个是根据数据库的内容来编写的,数据库表的内容不同,javabean
就要做出相应改变。
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package org.example.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String name;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
|
编写service接口和实现类。
即编写UserService.java
和UserServiceImpl.java
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package org.example.service;
import org.example.domain.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserService {
List<User> findAll();
void addUser(User user);
}
|
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package org.example.service.Impl;
import org.example.domain.User;
import org.example.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Override
public List<User> findAll() {
System.out.println("Service业务层,查询所有用户");
return null;
}
@Override
public void addUser(User user) {
System.out.println("Service业务层,保存用户");
}
}
|
spring框架代码编写
编写applicationContext.xml
配置spring
扫描注解,将相应的类交给Spring
管理。排除Controller
注解。
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
">
<!-- 注解扫描,除了Controller不扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.example">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
|
编写SpringTest.java进行测试
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package org.example.test;
import org.example.service.UserService;
import org.example.service.Impl.UserServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class SpringTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml");
UserService userServiceImpl = ac.getBean("userServiceImpl", UserServiceImpl.class);
userServiceImpl.findAll();
}
}
|
输出以下内容,则证明spring
搭建好了。
springmvc代码代码编写
在web.xml中配置前端控制器
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<!-- 配置前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
|
在web.xml中配置中文乱码过滤器
如果加上这个有报错信息,则是说明位置加的不对,没啥影响,如果看不顺眼可以换个位置就好了。
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<!-- 解决中文乱码问题 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
|
编写springmvc.xml配置文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">
<!-- 开启注解扫描,只扫描Controller注解 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.example">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置视图解析器对象 -->
<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/Pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 过滤静态资源 -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/css" location="/css/**"/>
<mvc:resources mapping="/js" location="/js/**"/>
<mvc:resources mapping="/images" location="/images/**"/>
<!-- 开启SpringMVC注解的支持 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
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编写index.jsp
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<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="user/findAll">查询所有用户</a>
</body>
</html>
|
编写UserController.java
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package org.example.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/findAll")
public String findAll(){
System.out.println("Controller表现层,查询所有学生");
return "success";
}
}
|
编写success.jsp
这个页面没有做过多操作,如果能够成功跳转到这个页面则证明代码没有问题。反之如果在这个页面中有500
等类似错误,就需要好好看看哪错了。
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<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>响应成功</h1>
</body>
</html>
|
IDEA配置tomcat
这个就不用多说了。
测试运行
如果点击页面中的查询所有用户
按钮,可以跳转到响应成功
的页面,并且控制台输出
则说明springmvc
搭建成功。
spring整合springmvc
主要的一个问题就是当web
项目启动时,spring.xml
如何运行起来。所谓的整合也就是说,可以相互间调用其对象。
在web.xml中配置ContextLoaderListener监听器
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<!-- 配置Sping的监听器,加载spring配置文件 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 设置配置文件路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
|
controller中注入service对象
完善UserController.java
。
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package org.example.controller;
import org.example.domain.User;
import org.example.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/findAll")
public String findAll(){
System.out.println("Controller表现层,查询所有用户");
//此时这里只能进行调用不能输出,因为List是null
List<User> all = userService.findAll();
return "success";
}
}
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测试整合的结果
运行web
项目,点击查询所有用户
,如果页面可以跳转到响应成功
页面,并且在控制台输出以下内容则证明整合成功。
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Controller表现层,查询所有用户
Service业务层,查询所有用户
|
mabatis代码编写
有很多都是采用注解的方式,以后假如说遇到复杂的查询还是需要使用配置文件的,我想的就是长痛不如短痛,一步到位。
编写持久层接口UserMapper.java
即编写UserMapper.java
。这个接口主要的作用制定操作数据库的规范,例如查询用户,增加用户,实现其方法就行,但是在mybatis
中不需要自己实现,通过注解或者配置xml
即可。
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package org.example.dao;
import org.example.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;
@Repository
public interface UserMapper {
//查找所有的用户
List<User> findAll();
//增加一个用户
void addUser(User user);
}
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编写mybatis-config.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 加载外部配置文件 -->
<properties resource="db.properties"/>
<!-- 为实体类设置别名 -->
<typeAliases>
<package name="org.example.domain"/>
</typeAliases>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 注册*Mapper.xml文件 -->
<mappers>
<package name="org.example.dao"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
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编写UserMapper.xml
如果要使用扫包的方式注册UserMapper.xml,这里命名需要和对应的接口命名一致。
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="org.example.dao.UserMapper">
<!-- 开启二级缓存 -->
<cache/>
<select id="findAll" resultType="user">
select * from user
</select>
</mapper>
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编写db.properties
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jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/srcrs?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
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编写MybatisTest.java
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package org.example.test;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.example.dao.UserMapper;
import org.example.domain.User;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class MybatisTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
//这里传入一个true开启自动提交事务
SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
UserMapper mapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> all = mapper.findAll();
for (User user : all) {
System.out.println(user);
}
}
}
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运行,如果可以查询到数据库中的数据,则证明,可以mybatis
搭建成功。增加用户就不用测了。
spring整合mybatis
在applicationContext.xml中配置连接池
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<!-- 配置连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
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在applicationContext.xml中加载外部文件db.properties
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<!-- 添加数据库外部文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:db.properties"/>
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在applicationContext.xml中配置SqlSessionFactory工厂
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<!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory工厂 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 扫描domain包 使用别名 -->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="org.example.domain"/>
<!-- 扫描dao包,注册*Mpper.xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:org/example/dao/*.xml"/>
<!-- 日志 -->
<property name="configuration" ref="configuration"></property>
</bean>
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在applicationContext.xml配置简单日志
需要和上面日志工厂配合使用。
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<!-- 配置日志 -->
<bean id="configuration" class="org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration">
<property name="logImpl" value="org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl"></property>
</bean>
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在applicationContext.xml中配置dao接口
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<!-- 配置dao接口所在包 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFacetory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!-- 给出需要扫描dao接口包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="org.example.dao"/>
</bean>
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完善UserServiceImpl.java
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package org.example.service.Impl;
import org.example.dao.UserMapper;
import org.example.domain.User;
import org.example.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Override
public List<User> findAll() {
System.out.println("Service业务层,查询所有用户");
return userMapper.findAll();
}
@Override
public void addUser(User user) {
System.out.println("Service业务层,保存用户");
userMapper.addUser(user);
}
}
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完善UserController.java
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package org.example.controller;
import org.example.domain.User;
import org.example.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/findAll")
public String findAll(){
System.out.println("Controller表现层,查询所有用户");
List<User> all = userService.findAll();
for (User user : all) {
System.out.println(user);
}
return "success";
}
@RequestMapping("/addUser")
public String addUser(User user){
System.out.println("Controller表现层,增加用户");
userService.addUser(user);
return "success";
}
}
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完善UserMapper.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="org.example.dao.UserMapper">
<!-- 开启二级缓存 -->
<cache/>
<select id="findAll" resultType="user">
select * from user
</select>
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="user">
insert into User (id,name) values (
#{id},#{name}
);
</insert>
</mapper>
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完善index.jsp
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<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="user/findAll">查询所有学生</a>
<form action="user/addUser" method="post">
<input type="text" name="id"><br/>
<input type="text" name="name"><br/>
<input type="submit" name="注册">
</form>
</body>
</html>
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测试运行
运行web
项目,点击查询所有用户,如果在控制台中输出所有的学生,则证明整合成功。也可以输入id
和name
,添加一个用户。可能添加用户会失败,因为增删改需要提交事务。接下来进行事务配置。
事务配置
在applicationContext中配置事务管理
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<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务通知 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="*" isolation="DEFAULT"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- 配置AOP增强 -->
<aop:config>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(* org.example.service.Impl.*ServiceImp.*(..))"/>
</aop:config>
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至此,一个优雅的框架搭建好了,如果需要别的功能可以在添加。可以删除不必要的文件,org.example.test
做测试用的,可以删除,mybatis-config.xml
也可以删除了。
完整代码
下载地址:ssm框架源码
注意
有一点需要注意,当你的web应用部署到服务器,关于连接数据库,或者执行SQL语言报错的时候,应该是你的数据库驱动和数据库版本不一致,假如你的数据库是5.7版本,就数据库驱动也要是5版本,数据库是8版本,驱动也要调成8版本。还有一种错误就是Linux默认对于数据库大小写敏感,需要自己改变一下。请参考我的web服务环境配置。
参考
史上最详细的IDEA优雅整合maven+ssm框架
maven中央仓库
mybatis官网
Spring整合mybatis的xml文件配置